Do you want your household to hang head downwards? Edmund Hill, O.P. It has been suggested in a comment that the word male could be omitted. Well, it is entirely right and proper that feminists should be interested in the status and roles of women in earlier periods of history, and that they should be critical of the standards and attitudes of earlier societies; just as it is entirely proper to investigate the history of an institution like slavery, and to criticize the assumptions and prejudices that supported it. Then in the next paragraph she continues: "Likewise for the New Testament: the Fathers usually focused on verses that provided a rationale for restricting, not freeing, women. 'The husband is the head of the wife' (Eph 5:23); but where the wife leads a better life than the husband, the household hangs head downwards." It is not divine truth that makes the man seem more innocent in what is equally sinful, but human wrong-headedness. Now the way some feminists, delving into history to dig up, as it were, the roots of contemporary male chauvinism, have tended to compromise the truth, is by blaming Augustine, as far and away the most eminent of the Fathers of the Western or Latin Church, for the admittedly defective attitude of that Church towards women, in many respects, throughout the centuries. What are synonyms for Male-Chauvinist? In this respect Augustine was simply a man of his time, that is to say, a Christian man of the late Roman Empire; he was born in 354 AD and died in 430. Unfortunately the organisation that controls India today is a fascist, male chauvinist organisition. By the term 'Christ', incidentally, he nearly always means the divine person, the Word, God the Son. Chauvinistic: having or showing excessive favoritism towards one's own country. Another word for chauvinism. Let's listen, and don't say you haven't heard what was said to the servant, 'You should have deposited, and I would have collected' [See Lk 19:23]. What are synonyms for male chauvinist? I go with my own maid'. 1 synonym for male chauvinist: sexist. I certainly think he will say this to himself, because he won't have the courage to say it aloud, not even in private in front of his wife. Addendum (in response to comment). I owe you fidelity, you owe me fidelity, we both owe Christ fidelity...' When he hears things like that which he is not used to, he gets angry, he becomes abusive. Blackfriars Buckingham Rd Cambridge CB3 0DD U.K. Fr Edmund Hill is a member of the English Province of the Order of Preachers (Dominicans), which he joined in 1948. male chauvinism n. You only have to read what he says about the experience he shared with his mother as they looked out of a window together at Ostia shortly before her death, to be convinced of that ("Confessions", IX,l0). The reference is to Mt 12:46-50, where Jesus is told that his mother and his brothers are outside, asking for him, and he says, 'Who is my mother and my brothers?' A habit that has caught on everywhere like this is taken for a law, so that even wives, perhaps, are now convinced that husbands are allowed to do this, wives are not. Let woman compensate, by giving birth to the Christ, for the sin of the man ensnared through her. It consists largely of quotations from the Fathers, many of course from the works of Augustine; and these quotations are inevitably selective—and there's the rub. It is, of course, only the bishop's words that have come down to us. A woman brought the news of death to her man in paradise; and women too brought the news of salvation to men in the Church...". It's better for her to grieve for you than to imitate you. How do you use male chauvinist in a sentence? To pass on now from defending Augustine from the specific charges brought against him by some feminist writers, and to look at other interesting texts. It's on this note that I see practically the whole human race fallen flat on its face, after all. It is important to be clear at the outset that this is a question which Augustine could never have asked about himself; nor could it have been asked about anyone, by anyone, in the society in which he lived. 'Their daughters adorned according to the likeness of the temple'.". The editor would not allow me to answer that broadside, so I wrote privately to her, to point out how lacking in any objectivity was both her reading of Augustine and her reading of me. Opposite Of Feminist, Antonyms of Feminist, Meaning and Example Sentences Antonym opposite words contradict each other and meet opposite meanings. In modern English, the word has come to be used in some quarters as shorthand for male chauvinism, a trend reflected in Merriam-Webster's Dictionary, which begins its third example of use of the term chauvinism with "an attitude that the members of your own sex are always better than those of the opposite sex". Synonyms for Male-Chauvinist in Free Thesaurus. We know nothing about what the ladies had to say about it. These are all obtainable from the New City Press, New York, and in the United Kingdom from Gracewing, Fowler Wright Books, 2 Southern Avenue, Leominster HR6 0QF. Male chauvinism is a term used to describe the belief that men are superior to women.It is often used interchangeably with "sexism" and is closely associated with misogyny and perceptions of women as inferior to men, especially intellectually.The unqualified term "chauvinism" is far more likely to refer to a male chauvinism than female chauvinism in the context of chauvinism as sexism. Dale is a male chauvinist who gets an education courtesy of his wife's wish that he experience life from the other side. So here, in brief, is Augustine's thesis: i) All human beings, female just as much as male, are made according to the image of God in that component of humanity where there is no distinction of sex, namely the mind or spirit (mens, animus). One of the things he admired in her, to be sure, was her serene acceptance of her duty of wifely submission to his rather rough father, Patricius (Patrick). In modern English, the word has come to be used in some quarters as shorthand for male chauvinism, a trend reflected in Merriam-Webster's Dictionary, which begins its third example of use of the term chauvinism with "an attitude that the members of your own sex are always better than those of the opposite sex". And Augustine was far and away the most eminent man of his time, as a figure in Church history and the history of European thought. In modern English, the word has come to be used in some quarters as shorthand for male chauvinism, a trend reflected in Merriam-Webster's Dictionary, which begins its third example of use of the term chauvinism with "an attitude that the members of your own sex are always better than those of the opposite sex". "And supposing today someone has to put up with rather more sharpness from his wife and more open grumbling than usual, because she used to assume that it was all right for her husband, and now she has heard in church that it is not all right for her husband; so if he has to endure his wife grumbling more freely, and saying to him, 'What you are doing is not right. Antonyms for Male-Chauvinist. "Complaints in this matter are a daily occurrence, even though the women themselves don't yet dare to complain about their husbands. It's nice to think that the men of Roman Africa, at least in Chusa, could appreciate good, hard-hitting rhetoric, even when it was directed against them, and the laugh was on them; EH] After all, we are married. Although the word chauvinist is (in my experience) most commonly heard in connection with male chauvinism, the meaning of the word is not actually restricted to that usage.. So I looked it up, and very interesting it is, because it sets forth in a couple of paragraphs what he says at great length in his work "On the Trinity", XII, which contains a passage quoted by other feminist writers, Kari Borresen and Rosemary Radford Ruether, to prove that Augustine concluded (actually from 1 Cor 11:7), 'that the woman was not theomorphic; in other words, she could not image God' (RRR in New Blackfriars, 1985, p.326, "The Liberation of Christology from Patriarchy". But all that his biographer, Possidius, tells us about their relations is that Augustine would not allow even her, let alone any other woman, to enter the monastery where he himself lived. My guess is that it was a large village or small town in Augustine's diocese of Hippo Regius (present day Anaba, in French, Bone, in Eastern Algeria), where together with some of his clergy he was perhaps giving what we would nowadays call a parish mission. In Chapter 1 she goes on to quote Augustine's "Literal Commentary on Genesis", IX,5, justifying the subordination of women. Synonyms for male chauvinist include patriarchist, chauvinist, sexist, anti-feminist, MCP, misogynist, woman-hater, bigot, jingoist and male chauvinist pig. Don't commit adultery behind your wives' backs, because you don't want your wives committing adultery behind your backs... You have no case at all when you try to excuse yourselves by saying, 'I don't go with someone else's wife, do I? A commonplace of sermons throughout the Christian centuries has been the scathing condemnation of feminine vanity and the use of cosmetics. Two brief observations on this, and many similar sermons. Chauvinist synonyms and Chauvinist antonyms. But what he is also implying is that if God had become incarnate as a woman born of a woman, that would rather have left the male sex high and dry; it is hard to imagine, surely, how even God could have contrived to be born of a man without the co-operation of a woman; EH]—he had not been born of a woman, women would have despaired of themselves, remembering their first sin, how it was through a woman that the first man was ensnared; and they would have thought that there was absolutely no hope for them in Christ. In Sermon 72, 4, he puts forward much the same argument, and there makes it clear that it is the male rather than the female who is the carrier of defilement in sexual intercourse, which he always regarded, in common with most of his contemporaries, as the gratification of male rather than of female desire. Top synonym for chauvinist (another word for chauvinist) is male chauvinist. We are both Christians. Sermon 9 was preached on the ten commandments, considered as the ten strings of a harp (see Ps 144:9). He says there: "But Christ didn't wish to have a human being as a father, to avoid coming to mankind by means of carnal concupiscence; he wished, however, to have a human being as a mother in order, by having a mother among men, to teach us a useful lesson by snubbing her for the sake of God's work". On another occasion we do find him rather crossing swords with the ladies. Give me the same as you require of me. So if, while appearing as a man—and I agree he had to be that [This is partly an expression of Augustine's taking male social dominance for granted. He's a bit of a male chauvinist . For Christ speaks inwardly in her heart, and consoles his daughter with words like this: 'Are you distressed about your husband's wrongful behaviour, what he has done to you? Find more ways to say chauvinism, along with related words, antonyms and example phrases at Thesaurus.com, the world's most trusted free thesaurus. The literal meaning of chauvinism is an attitude of superiority towards members of opposite sex. Perhaps this is why our sisters didn't want to listen... 'Their daughters adorned according to the likeness of the temple'. So he came as a man, to show his preference for the male sex, and he was born of a woman, to give comfort to the female sex... "Man was ensnared through a woman administering poison; let man be restored through a woman administering salvation. The following are definitions of chauvinism / chauvinist from three standard dictionaries: You want your wife to conquer; you yourself lie there, conquered. [African congregations were strong on audience participation, then as they still are today. The talks would be held in Moldo opposite the Chushul sector in India. So far they have published his translation of "On the Trinity" and eight volumes of his translation of Augustine's Sermons. So I trust that feminist theologians will stop accusing Augustine of saying that women are not made in the image of God; and that Elizabeth Clark will absolve him, at least, from maintaining 'that women lack some essential quality males share with the Godhead'. But what you do is demand this duty from your wife, while declining to pay this duty to your wife. Here are some excerpts on this topic: "You are told, 'You shall not commit adultery' (Ex 20:14); that is, do not go to any other woman except your wife. Our sisters, unwilling to listen, are unwilling to meet the collector, it seems... "Listen now (v.12): 'Whose sons are like vines that have taken root; their daughters adorned according to the likeness of the temple'. She, after all, is a chaste and holy woman and really a Christian, who grieves for her fornicating husband, and grieves not out of jealousy but out of charity; the reason she does not want you to behave like that is not just that she herself doesn't behave like that, but that it does you no good. Copyright © 2021 Eternal Word Television Network, Inc. Irondale, Alabama. I go with my own house-boy'? The male chauvinist attitude of some people in the company could get you down. Unfortunately the organisation that controls India today is a fascist, male chauvinist organisition. 4. They are used to hearing about wives being taken to court, found perhaps with house-boys. 2 synonyms for male chauvinism: antifeminism, chauvinism. 6 synonyms of chauvinistic from the Merriam-Webster Thesaurus, plus 8 related words, definitions, and antonyms. But as a humane man and a Christian, Augustine treated women with honour and respect, had many women friends and admirers—a whole long treatise on prayer is addressed to a Roman lady called Proba—and publicly confessed and repented of his failures in this regard as a young man. His never mentioning the woman's name is also sometimes held against him. (Sermon 9, 3). But here is what he says in his "Literal Commentary on Genesis", III,22: "Some people have suggested that it was now (Gen 1:27) that the human mind was made, while the human body came later, when scripture says, 'And God fashioned man from the slime of the earth' (Gen 2:7); so that where it says 'he made' (1:26), it refers to the spirit, while 'he fashioned' (2:7) refers to the body. But this, surely, is to his credit; he was writing his own confessions, not hers, and it would have been a gross breach of her privacy to publish her name to his readers in Carthage. The chief point he is making in the passage she quotes is that the only reason for making Adam's helper a woman, and not another man, was because she was to help specifically in the important business of procreation. So it is natural that the feminist question should be asked about him in particular. If you can't agree with your own tongue, how can you expect to live in agreement with me?'." Human beings, of course, are divided by sex into males and females. "You say, 'Why should he choose a woman in order to get born?' To conclude then: Augustine, as a man of his age, exhibits uncriticized assumptions about the social inferiority and subordination of women that are not acceptable today, and can indeed be seen to be at variance with the basic insights of the gospel. But a man taken to court because he was found with his maid, they have never heard of that happening—though it's a sin. "...What he is showing us here is that in neither of its sexes need humanity despair of itself. ii) Paul's remark in 1 Cor 11:7 about man being the image and glory of God, while woman is the glory of man, is a real difficulty for Augustine, precisely because it seems to contradict Gen 1:27, and Augustine is unwilling to do what Clark says 'the Fathers' in general usually do, namely take this verse of Paul at its face value to the neglect of Gen 1:27. iii) The difficulty can be met by treating 'man' and 'woman' in this verse as having symbolic rather than literal value; the purely bodily distinction of sex in them—in Adam and Eve, because Paul, as Augustine realises, is in fact commenting on Gen 2:18-23, not on Gen 1:26-28—can be taken as symbolic of a distinction of functions in the human mind, mens, (which is common to all human beings, of either sex); and then observing that it is only in the higher mental function of contemplating eternal things (symbolized by Adam/man) that the image of God is to be fully realised, while the lower mental function, of the practical ordering of temporal things (symbolized by Eve/woman), bears a remoter likeness to God, in which the full image as such cannot be realized. It is a question raised by the contemporary feminist revolution in what women are thinking about themselves, and consequently in the attitudes of society at large towards women. So in 1974 he went to Lesotho, the small mountain kingdom in the middle of South Africa, and joined the staff of St Augustine's Seminary there, teaching dogmatic theology and occasional courses in scripture. 10 synonyms of chauvinist from the Merriam-Webster Thesaurus, plus 13 related words, definitions, and antonyms. More Word Meaning in Hindi. They can acknowledge what they have simply by having it; merely mentioning it makes me blush. 246ff). God), that all of us, male and female alike, are made to the image of God. So it includes our fathers as definitely snub-worthy, when they try to deter us from doing what we know to be God's will—like following a religious vocation! Chauvinist synonyms. The term chauvinism also may describe an attitude of superiority toward members of the opposite sex, as in male chauvinism. It's for your own good. It is to symbolize or represent this point that the apostle Paul says that it is only the man who is the image and glory of God; 'but the woman', he says, 'is the glory of the man' (1 Cor 11:7). Thus the fact that in 1 Corinthians 11 Paul calls man the image of God, but does not so designate women (to the neglect of Genesis 1:26), was taken by the Fathers to mean that women lacked some essential quality males shared with the Godhead (WEA, 15-16)". In the same way too, in the original creation of the human race, because the woman too was human, she obviously had a mind and a rational one at that, in respect of which she too was made to the image of God.". This, of course, not only distorts the truth; it is manifestly and absurdly unjust to a great man. "Thus while that which is to be observed in the one mind of the interior person is symbolized by two persons who are outwardly of different sex in the body; still the woman too, who is female in the body, she too is being renewed in the spirit of her mind, where there is neither male nor female, to the recognition of God according to the image of him who created her (Rom 12:2, Eph 4:23, Col 3:10, Gal 3:28). Top antonyms for male chauvinist pig (opposite of male chauvinist pig) . What is the meaning of male chauvinist? Define male chauvinism. By all means criticize their arguments supporting and defending the institution; but even this should be done in context—their historical context, not ours. Antonyms for male chauvinist pig include gentleman, charmer, gallant, misandrist and manhater. We both heard him saying so. When we learn a language, when we learn a word in that language, it will be very useful for us to learn both the opposite and the synonyms of this word. Later, chauvinism came to mean any kind of ultranationalism and was used generally to connote an undue partiality or attachment to a group or place to which one belongs. To sum up: Augustine sees the distinction of sex as something secondary, comparatively unimportant. So there seems to have been a little feud running between the visiting bishop and some highly decorative, and presumably well-to-do ladies of Carthage. He praises her for vowing to know no other man—they had been faithful to each other throughout their liaison, IV 2—while he himself showed no such self-control, but promptly took another concubine. Augustine preaching to the women of Carthage. To return to the woman who was his mistress in his youth; he is sometimes blamed for what is presented as his heartless treatment of her in sending her back to Africa from Milan (where he was Professor of Rhetoric at what could be called the Imperial University), when an advantageous marriage was being planned for him, shortly before his conversion. Women, after all, are not excluded from this grace of renewal and the refashioning of God's image, although their bodily sex symbolizes something else, which is why only the man is called the image and glory of God. Augustine himself talks about the woman 'being torn from my side, and my heart being crushed and wounded, so that it drew blood' (Confessions VI 15). He's a real male chauvinist The passage quoted concludes: "I (Augustine) cannot think of any reason for a woman's being made as the man's helper, if we dismiss this reason of procreation. Male Chauvinist synonyms. Augustine, of course, had treated his own mother like that (see above), but in the opposite sense; when he was bent on doing his own will, not God's. Thus they consistently explicated the Genesis 2 account of woman's creation (in which Eve is created second, from Adam's rib), rather than Genesis 1, in which male and female are created at the same time, both 'in the image and likeness of God' (Gen 1:26)". What is the definition of male chauvinist? After English to Hindi translation of Male Chauvinist Pig, if you have issues in pronunciation, then you can hear the audio of it in the online dictionary. These reveal not merely the love, but also the admiration, tinged with awe, with which Augustine remembered Monica. So he took it for granted too, like everyone else; and there is not much point in combing his works, either to prove this obvious point, or to make a futile effort to disprove it. In a number of sermons he argues that the equal share which women have with men in the divine gift of salvation is ratified, so to say, by Christ's decision to be born of a mother, instead of just becoming man by some other means, like Adam in the first place. He has reached, after forty minutes or so, v.11, which reads in his text, 'Their right hand is a right hand of iniquity': "Listen now to how they spoke vanity, and how they have a right hand of iniquity. In so far as he behaves badly, don't regard him as your head, but me". Ariel Levy used the term in similar, but opposite sense in her book, Female Chauvinist Pigs, in which she argues that many young women in the United States and beyond are replicating male chauvinism and older misogynist stereotypes. Let's pass over this quickly. For the last ten years or so he has also been engaged in translating works of St Augustine for the Augustinian Heritage Institute of Villanova in Pennsylvania, in whose house magazine, "The Tagastan", this talk originally appeared a few years ago as two articles. She is out to show that the Fathers of the Church were in the habit of justifying the social subordination of women by their selective use of scripture texts. We mustn't forget that Augustine like most of his contemporaries was a Platonist. And I said yesterday that I am the servant who deposits; there's someone else (Christ) to do the collecting.